ʻO nā manaʻo kuhihewa maʻamau e pili ana i nā plastic biodegradable

1. ʻO ka plastic i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka olaola e like me nā plastic biodegradable

Wahi a nā wehewehe kūpono, pili nā plastics bio-based i nā plastik i hana ʻia e nā microorganism e pili ana i nā mea kūlohelohe e like me ka starch. Hiki ke hele mai ka biomass no ka bioplastics synthesis mai ke kulina, ke kō a me ka cellulose. A me ka plastik biodegradable, e pili ana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe (e like me ka lepo, ke one a me ka wai kai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana kikoʻī (e like me ka composting, nā kūlana anaerobic digestion a i ʻole ka moʻomeheu wai, etc.), e ka hana microbial (e like me ka bacteria, ʻo ka poʻi, nā haʻani a me nā limu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia, a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i carbon dioxide, methane, wai, mineralized inorganic paʻakai a me nā mea hou o ka plastic. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā plastics bio-based ma muli o ke kumu o ka haku mele; ʻO nā plastic biodegradable, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai kahi hiʻohiʻona hope o ke ola. Ma nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke biodegradable ka 100% o nā plastic biodegradable, aʻo kekahi mau plastic petroleum-based, e like me butylene terephthalate (PBAT) a me polycaprolactone (PCL).

2. Manaʻo ʻia ka biodegradable he biodegradable

ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa plastik e pili ana i nā kūlana kaiapuni (ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa, ka wai, ka oxygen, a me nā mea'ē aʻe) ma lalo o ka hopena o nā hoʻololi nui i ka hoʻolālā, ke kaʻina hana pohō. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka mechanical degradation, biodegradation, photodegradation, thermo-oxygen degradation a me photooxygen degradation. ʻO ka biodegrade piha ka plastic ma muli o nā kumu he nui, me ka crystallinity, additives, microorganisms, wela, pH ambient a me ka manawa. I ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kūlana kūpono, ʻaʻole hiki i ka nui o nā plastic degradable ke biodegrade holoʻokoʻa, akā hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke kaiapuni a me ke olakino kanaka. E like me ka hapa o ka oxygen degradation o plastic additives, wale ka rupture o ka mea, degradation i invisible plastic particles.

3. E noʻonoʻo i ka biodegradation ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka ʻoihana composting e like me ka biodegradation i ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe.

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke huki pololei i kahi hōʻailona like ma waena o nā mea ʻelua. ʻO nā plastic compostable no ka māhele o nā plastic biodegradable. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā plastic biodegradable i nā plastic i hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma ke ʻano anaerobic. ʻO ka plastic compostable e pili ana i ka plastic i nā kūlana compost, ma o ka hana ʻana o nā microorganisms, i kekahi manawa i loko o carbon dioxide, ka wai a me nā paʻakai inorganic mineralized a me nā mea hou i loko o nā mea, a hope loa i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka compost heavy metal content, toxicity test. , pono nā ʻōpala i koe i nā ʻōlelo o nā kūlana kūpono. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā plastic compostable i loko o ka compost ʻoihana a me ka compost māla. ʻO nā plastic compostable ma ka mākeke ʻo ia nā plastic biodegradable ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻoihana. No ka mea, ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka compost plastic no ka biodegradable, no laila, inā e hoʻolei ʻia ka plastic compostable (e like me ka wai, lepo) i loko o ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe, ua lohi loa ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka ʻilika i loko o ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa loa i ka manawa pōkole. e like me ka carbon dioxide a me ka wai o kona mau hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke kaiapuni a me ka plastic kuʻuna, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa nui. Eia kekahi, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ʻo nā plastic biodegradable, ke hui pū ʻia me nā plastic recyclable ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hōʻemi i nā waiwai a me ka hana o nā mea hana hou. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka starch i loko o ka polylactic acid ke alakaʻi i nā lua a me nā kiko i loko o ke kiʻi i hana ʻia mai ka plastic recycled.