Cov ntaub ntawv polymer tam sim no tau siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom siab, cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob, kev thauj mus los, kev txuag hluav taws xob, aerospace, kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws thiab ntau lwm yam kev lag luam vim lawv cov khoom zoo xws li lub teeb yuag, siab zog, kub tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog muab qhov chaw lag luam dav dav rau kev lag luam khoom siv polymer tshiab, tab sis kuj tso siab rau cov kev xav tau siab dua rau nws qhov kev ua tau zoo, qib kev ntseeg tau thiab lav muaj peev xwm.
Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov khoom siv polymer ua haujlwm raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob, qis carbon thiab ecological kev loj hlob tau txais ntau thiab ntau dua. Thiab kev laus yog qhov tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev ntseeg tau thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer.
Tom ntej no, peb yuav saib seb dab tsi yog kev laus ntawm cov khoom siv polymer, hom kev laus, yam ua rau kev laus, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev laus thiab kev tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm tsib cov yas dav dav.
A. Kev laus yas
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv thiab lub cev lub cev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer lawv tus kheej thiab lawv cov khoom siv sab nraud xws li tshav kub, lub teeb, thermal oxygen, ozone, dej, acid, alkali, kab mob thiab cov enzymes hauv cov txheej txheem siv ua rau lawv raug kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo lossis poob hauv cov txheej txheem. ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Qhov no tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov khoom siv pov tseg, thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo ntau dua vim nws qhov ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm, tab sis kuj yog qhov decomposition ntawm cov khoom los ntawm nws cov laus kuj tuaj yeem ua rau ib puag ncig.
Kev laus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev siv yog feem ntau yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj thiab irreparable poob.
Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem uas kev lag luam polymer yuav tsum tau daws.
B. Hom ntawm cov khoom siv polymer aging
Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev laus thiab cov yam ntxwv vim muaj ntau hom polymer thiab cov kev siv sib txawv. Feem ntau, kev laus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub hom kev hloov pauv hauv qab no.
01 Hloov qhov tsos
Stains, me ntsis, kab nyiaj, tawg, frosting, chalking, stickiness, warping, ntses qhov muag, wrinkling, shrinkage, scorching, optical distortion thiab optical xim hloov.
02 Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev
Xws li solubility, o, rheological zog thiab kev hloov hauv kev ua haujlwm txias, kub tsis kam, dej permeability, huab cua permeability thiab lwm yam khoom.
03 Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab
Hloov lub zog tensile, khoov lub zog, shear lub zog, cuam tshuam lub zog, txheeb ze elongation, kev ntxhov siab so thiab lwm yam khoom.
04 Hloov cov khoom hluav taws xob
Xws li nto kuj, ntim kuj, dielectric tas li, hluav taws xob tawg lub zog thiab lwm yam kev hloov.
C. Microscopic tsom xam ntawm kev laus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer
Polymers tsim lub xeev zoo siab ntawm cov molecules thaum muaj cua sov lossis lub teeb, thiab thaum lub zog siab txaus, cov saw hlau molecular tawg los ua cov dawb radicals, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov polymer thiab txuas ntxiv mus pib degradation thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua rau hla- kev sib txuas.
Yog tias cov pa oxygen lossis ozone nyob hauv ib puag ncig, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation kuj raug ntxias, tsim hydroperoxides (ROOH) thiab ntxiv decomposing rau hauv carbonyl pawg.
Yog hais tias residual catalyst hlau ions tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub polymer, los yog yog hais tias hlau ions xws li tooj liab, hlau, manganese thiab cobalt raug coj los rau hauv thaum lub sij hawm ua los yog siv, oxidative degradation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub polymer yuav ceev.
D. Txoj kev tseem ceeb los txhim kho cov kev tiv thaiv kev laus
Tam sim no, muaj plaub txoj hauv kev los txhim kho thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer raws li hauv qab no.
01 Kev tiv thaiv lub cev (thickening, pleev xim, txheej txheej txheej, thiab lwm yam)
Kev laus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov duab-oxidative aging, pib los ntawm cov khoom siv los yog cov khoom, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm discoloration, chalking, cracking, gloss, thiab lwm yam, thiab ces maj mam nkag mus rau sab hauv. Cov khoom nyias nyias muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau sai dua li cov khoom tuab, yog li kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv los ntawm thickening cov khoom.
Rau cov khoom uas muaj kev laus, ib txheej ntawm huab cua-resistant txheej yuav siv tau los yog coated rau saum npoo, los yog ib txheej ntawm huab cua-resistant cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum compounded nyob rau hauv lub txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom, thiaj li hais tias ib tug tiv thaiv txheej yuav txuas nrog. qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom kom qeeb cov txheej txheem kev laus.
02 Kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem txheej txheem
Ntau cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov txheej txheem synthesis lossis kev npaj, kuj tseem muaj qhov teeb meem ntawm kev laus. Piv txwv li, kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cua sov thaum lub sij hawm polymerization, thermal thiab oxygen aging thaum lub sij hawm ua, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, lub zog ntawm oxygen tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb qeeb los ntawm kev ntxiv cov khoom deaerating los yog lub tshuab nqus tsev thaum lub sij hawm polymerization los yog ua.
Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no tsuas tuaj yeem lav qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm lub Hoobkas, thiab txoj kev no tsuas yog siv tau los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom npaj, thiab tsis tuaj yeem daws nws cov teeb meem kev laus thaum rov ua dua thiab siv.
03 Cov qauv tsim lossis hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv
Ntau cov ntaub ntawv macromolecule muaj cov pab pawg neeg laus hauv cov qauv molecular, yog li los ntawm kev tsim cov qauv molecular ntawm cov khoom, hloov cov pab pawg laus nrog cov pab pawg tsis muaj kev laus feem ntau tuaj yeem ua tau zoo.
04 Ntxiv anti-aging additives
Tam sim no, txoj kev ua tau zoo thiab txoj hauv kev los txhim kho kev laus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer yog ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus, uas tau siv dav vim tias tus nqi qis thiab tsis tas yuav hloov cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus (hmoov los yog kua) thiab cob thiab lwm yam raw khoom ncaj qha sib xyaw thiab sib xyaw tom qab extrusion granulation los yog txhaj tshuaj molding, thiab lwm yam .. Qhov no yog ib qho yooj yim thiab yooj yim ntawm kev ntxiv, uas yog dav siv los ntawm feem ntau ntawm pelletizing thiab txhaj tshuaj molding nroj tsuag.
Post lub sij hawm: Oct-26-2022