1. The ndu dabeere Plastic Ẹkot biodegradable plastics
Dị ka nkọwa ndị dị mkpa si dị, plastik ndị dabeere na bio na-ezo aka na plastik ndị microorganisms mepụtara na-adabere na ihe ndị sitere n'okike dị ka starch. Biomass maka njikọ bioplastics nwere ike si na ọka, okpete shuga ma ọ bụ cellulose. Na biodegradable plastic, na-ezo aka eke ọnọdụ (dị ka ala, ájá na oké osimiri mmiri, wdg) ma ọ bụ kpọmkwem ọnọdụ (dị ka composting, anaerobic mgbaze ọnọdụ ma ọ bụ mmiri omenala, wdg), site microbial edinam (dị ka nje bacteria, ebu, fungi na algae, wdg) na-akpata mbibi, na-emecha decomposed n'ime carbon dioxide, methane, mmiri, mineralized inorganic nnu na ọhụrụ ihe nke plastic. A na-akọwapụta ma kewaa plastik ndị dabeere na bio dabere na isi mmalite nke ihe mejupụtara; N'aka nke ọzọ, a na-ekewa plastik ndị nwere ike imebi site na njedebe nke ndụ. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, 100% nke plastik biodegradable nwere ike ọ gaghị adị ndụ, ebe ụfọdụ plastik ndị sitere na mmanụ ala, dị ka butylene terephthalate (PBAT) na polycaprolactone (PCL), nwere ike ịbụ.
2. A na-ewere na ọ bụ ihe na-emebi emebi
Nbibi plastik na-ezo aka na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi (okpomọkụ, iru mmiri, mmiri, oxygen, wdg) n'okpuru mmetụta nke mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama na nhazi, usoro nkwụsị ọrụ. Enwere ike kewaa ya ka ọ bụrụ mmebi n'ibu, biodegradation, photodegradation, okpomọkụ-oxygen mmebi na photooxygen mmebi. Ma plastik ọ ga-emecha biodegrade na-adabere n'ọtụtụ ihe, gụnyere crystallinity, additives, microorganisms, okpomọkụ, pH ambient na oge. Na enweghị ọnọdụ kwesịrị ekwesị, ọtụtụ plastik na-emebi emebi abụghị nanị na ha enweghị ike imebi kpamkpam, ma ọ pụkwara inwe mmetụta ọjọọ na gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike mmadụ. Dị ka akụkụ nke mmebi ikuku oxygen nke ihe mgbakwunye plastik, naanị nkwụsị nke ihe onwunwe, mmebi n'ime ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụ anya.
3. Tụlee biodegradation n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị ka biodegradation na gburugburu ebe obibi
Ị nweghị ike ise kpọmkwem akara n'etiti ha abụọ. Plastics comppostable so n'ụdị rọba na-emebi emebi. Plastics ndị nwere ike ime ihe na-agụnyekwa plastik ndị nwere ike ime ihe n'ụzọ anaerobic. Compotable plastic na-ezo aka na plastic na composting ọnọdụ, site na omume nke microorganisms, na a ụfọdụ oge n'ime carbon dioxide, mmiri na mineralized inorganic salts na ọhụrụ bekee ẹdude ke ọcha, na n'ikpeazụ kpụrụ compost arọ metal ọdịnaya, toxicity ule. , irighiri ihe fọdụrụ kwesịrị izute ndokwa nke ụkpụrụ ndị dị mkpa. Enwere ike kewaa plastik comppostable ka ọ bụrụ compost ụlọ ọrụ na compost ubi. Plastics comppostable n'ahịa bụ plastik nke nwere ike imebi ihe n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke composting ụlọ ọrụ. N'ihi na n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke compost plastic bụ nke biodegradable, ya mere, ọ bụrụ na-atụfu compostable plastic (dị ka mmiri, ala) na eke gburugburu ebe obibi, na plastic mmebi na eke gburugburu ebe obibi bụ nnọọ ngwa ngwa, ike kpamkpam degraded na a obere oge. dị ka carbon dioxide na mmiri nke mmetụta ọjọọ ya na gburugburu ebe obibi na plastic omenala, ọ dịghị nnukwu ọdịiche. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a kọwapụtara na plastik ndị nwere ike ime ihe, mgbe a na-ejikọta ya na plastik ndị ọzọ a na-emegharịgharị, nwere ike ibelata njirimara na ịrụ ọrụ nke ihe ndị a na-emegharị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, starch dị na polylactic acid nwere ike iduga n'oghere na ntụpọ n'ime ihe nkiri a na-eme site na plastik emegharịrị.
Oge nzipu: Jul-14-2022