Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’icapiro ry’icyatsi ryabaye ikintu gikomeye mu nganda zicapura, inganda zicapa zibanda ku nshingano z’icapiro ry’icyatsi kibisi, akamaro k’ibidukikije icyarimwe nazo zigomba gutekereza ku mpinduka z’ibiciro yazanywe na yo. Kuberako, mugikorwa cyo gushyira mubikorwa icapiro ryicyatsi, ibigo byandika bigomba gukora ibintu byinshi bishya, nko kugura ibikoresho bishya byangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije nibifasha, kwinjiza ibikoresho bishya no guhindura inzira zibyara umusaruro, ibidukikije, nibindi. ., ikiguzi cy'umusaruro akenshi kiri hejuru kuruta icapiro risanzwe. Ibi birimo inyungu zihuse zinganda zicapura, ishami ryandika ryashinzwe hamwe n’abaguzi, bityo uburyo bwo gutanga amafaranga yumvikana mugikorwa cyo gucapa icyatsi kibaye ingingo yingenzi yubushakashatsi.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, leta ninzego zibanze bashyizeho politiki zimwe zijyanye no gucapa icyatsi, bafata nkinkunga cyangwa inkunga yo gushishikariza inganda zicapura guteza imbere icapiro ryatsi. Ishyirahamwe ry’icapiro rya Beijing ryanateguye cyane impuguke mu nganda gukora ubushakashatsi no gutanga ibipimo by’inkunga yo gucapa icyatsi. Iyi ngingo isobanura mu buryo burambuye igipimo cyibiciro hamwe na formulaire yerekana icyatsi kibisi, gishobora gufasha muburyo bwo gushyira mu gaciro igiciro cyo gucapa icyatsi.
1. Gutomora igipimo cyibiciro byo gucapa icyatsi
Gutomora igipimo cyibiciro byicapiro ryicyatsi bifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere ubuziranenge bwiza bwibigo byandika no gusuzuma imiyoborere.
1) Inyongeramusaruro yicyatsi ishobora kugarurwa ntabwo igiciro. Niba uburyo bwo gutunganya imyanda ikomatanyirijwe hamwe irashobora gukoreshwa, amafaranga yavuyemo arashobora guhagarika ishoramari mubikoresho byo kubungabunga ibidukikije nyuma yigihe runaka. Ibigo bimwe byandika byifashisha isosiyete-y-igice cyafunze loop ishinzwe gushora no kugarura ibikoresho byo kuvura, nta sosiyete icapura yivanga mukuzenguruka kwagaciro, birumvikana ko bitagaragarira mubiciro byo gucapa.
2) Icyatsi kibisi ntabwo gisubirwamo ibiciro. Nkamahugurwa yo gucapa icyatsi kugirango ashyireho amategeko n'amabwiriza, kwemeza no gusuzuma ibiciro, kugura ibyapa byandika byatsi, wino, igisubizo cyamasoko, amazi yoza imodoka, amavuta yo kumanika / guhambira hamwe nibindi biciro byuzuye, nibindi, ntibishobora gutunganywa uhereye kumuzingo. yo gukira, irashobora kubarwa gusa cyangwa hafi kubarwa, kuri komisiyo yo hanze yo gucapa ibyapa byicyatsi cyibice nabantu bashinjwaga.
2. Gupima neza Ibintu byemewe
Ibintu byigiciro mubisanzwe nibintu byigiciro bihari, kandi ingaruka zicyatsi zirashobora kugaragara mubikoresho byacapwe cyangwa birashobora kugenzurwa. Isosiyete icapura irashobora kwishyuza icyatsi kibisi ishyaka, komisiyo ishinzwe kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mukuzamura igiciro cyibicuruzwa byacapwe.
1) Impapuro
Impapuro zigomba gupima itandukaniro riri hagati yimpapuro zemewe n’amashyamba nimpapuro rusange, nkigiciro cy’amashyamba cyemewe n’ishyamba kingana na 600 Yuan / order, hamwe nubwoko bumwe bwimpapuro zidafite icyemezo cya 500 Yuan / order, itandukaniro riri hagati yombi ni 100 Yuan / gutumiza, bihwanye no kuzamuka kw'ibiciro ku rupapuro rwacapwe rwa 100 Yuan / gutumiza ÷ 1000 = 0,10 Yuan / urupapuro rwanditse.
2) Icyapa cya CTP
Buri folio icyatsi kibisi cyiyongera kubisahani yicyatsi hamwe nibisanzwe bitandukanya ibiciro. Kurugero, igiciro cyibisahani kibisi ni 40 Yuan / m2, igiciro cyibisahani rusange ni 30 Yuan / m2, itandukaniro ni 10 Yu kuri metero kare. Niba verisiyo ya folio yo kubara, ubuso bwa 0,787m × 1.092m ÷ 2 ≈ 43m2, ni 43% ya 1m2, bityo buri feri yicyatsi kibisi cyiyongereye kibarwa nka 10 yuan × 43% = 4.3 yuan / folio.
Kubera ko umubare w'icapiro utandukana bitewe n'akarere, niba ubarwa ukurikije ibicapo 5000, izamuka ryibiciro byicyatsi kibisi CTP kuri folio ni 4.3 ÷ 5000 = 0.00086 yuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu, 2 = 0.00172.
3) Ink
Icyatsi kibisi gikoreshwa mugucapura, formula yo kubara izamuka ryibiciro kuri folio yicapiro 1.000 kuri folio ya wino yicyatsi 1.000 icapiro = ingano ya wino kuri folio yibicapo 1.000 × (igiciro cyibice bya wino yangiza ibidukikije - igiciro cyibiciro bya wino rusange).
Muri iyi nyandiko yo gucapa wino yumukara nkurugero, ukeka ko buri folio yibihumbi n'ibihumbi icapiro rya wino ya 0.15kg, soya ya soya igiciro cya 30 yuan / kg, igiciro rusange cya wino 20 yuan / kg, gukoresha icapiro rya soya kuri folio yo gucapa ibiciro byongera uburyo bwo kubara nuburyo bukurikira
0.15 × (30-20) = 1.5 yuan / folio igihumbi = 0.0015 Yuan / urupapuro rwa folio = 0.003 Yuan / urupapuro
4) Ibifatika byo kumurika
Kwemeza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije byo kumurika, formula yo kubara igiciro cyicyatsi kibisi kuri buri gufungura
Igiciro cyicyatsi kibisi kuri buri gufungura = ingano yumuti ukoreshwa kuri buri gufungura × (igiciro cyibikoresho byangiza ibidukikije - igiciro cyibikoresho rusange)
Niba ingano yo gufatira kuri buri jambo rifunguye 7g / m2 × 43% ≈ 3g / byombi byo gufungura, igiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije gifata 30 yuan / kg, igiciro rusange cyo gufatira 22 yuan / kg, hanyuma buri jambo ryicyatsi kibisi kwiyongera = 3 × (30-22) / 1000 = 0,024
5) Guhambira ibishishwa bishyushye
Gukoresha ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije bihuza ibishishwa bishyushye, kuri buri cyapa kibisi kibisi gihuza amafaranga yo gushiraho
Amafaranga yo guhambira kuri icapiro ryicyatsi kibisi cyongeweho amafaranga yiyongera = ingano yumuti ushushe ushushe kuri icapiro × (igiciro cyicyatsi kibisi gishyushye igiciro - igiciro rusange gishyushye gishyushye)
Twabibutsa ko iyi formula ikoreshwa gusa kuri EVA zishyushye zishushe, nko gukoresha PUR ishyushye ya PUR ishyushye, kubera ko ikoreshwa ryayo ari kimwe cya kabiri gusa cya EVA ishyushye, ugomba guhindura formula yavuzwe haruguru nkuko ikurikira
PUR ishyushye-yashizemo ibicuruzwa byo gutumiza kurupapuro = PUR ishyushye-yometse kumashanyarazi kumpapuro × igiciro cyikiguzi - rusange gishyushye-gishishwa gikoreshwa kumpapuro × igiciro cyigice
Niba igiciro cyibice bya PUR gishyushye gishyushye ari 63 yuan / kg, ingano ya 0.3g / icapiro; EVA ishyushye yometse kuri 20 yuan / kg, ingano ya 0.8g / icapiro, hanyuma hariho 0.3 × 63 / 1000-0.8 × 20/1000 = 0.0029 yuan / icapiro, bityo PUR ishyushye yo gushonga ibishishwa bigomba kuba 0.0029 yuan / icapiro.
3. Ibice bidashobora gupimwa nkibintu byishyurwa
Ntushobora gupimwa nibintu byigiciro, nkibiciro byo gusuzuma ibyemezo, ishyirwaho rya sisitemu yicyatsi, gushyiraho imyanya mishya hamwe namafaranga yo kuyobora; inzira yingamba zitagira ingaruka kandi zidafite ingaruka mbi; iherezo ryo gucunga imyanda itatu. Iki gice cyicyifuzo nukwongera ikiguzi ku ijanisha runaka (urugero, 10%, nibindi) byumubare wibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru.
Twabibutsa ko ingero zavuzwe haruguru ziba ari ibitekerezo, kugirango zerekanwe gusa. Kubipimo nyabyo, amakuru mubipimo byo gucapa agomba kubazwa / guhitamo. Kubyamakuru ataboneka mubipimo, ibipimo nyabyo bigomba gufatwa kandi amahame yinganda, ni ukuvuga amakuru ashobora kugerwaho nisosiyete isanzwe icapa, igomba gukoreshwa.
4. Izindi Gahunda
Igikorwa cyo gucapa icyatsi kibisi cy’ishyirahamwe ry’icapiro rya Beijing ryakozwe hakiri kare, kandi muri icyo gihe, ibintu byapimwe ni impapuro, gukora amasahani, wino, hamwe n’ibishishwa bishyushye byo gufunga. Noneho birasa nkaho ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutekerezwa muburyo butaziguye mubintu bisanzwe biriho, nkibisubizo byamasoko namazi yoza imodoka birashoboka kumenya cyangwa kubara amakuru asabwa, cyane cyane kuri folio ibicapo ibihumbi n'ibihumbi (ibigo bimwe byandika byo gukaraba amazi kumunsi kuri mashini 20 ~ 30kg), kugirango ubare ikiguzi cyo gucapa amakuru ya premium ukurikije formula ikurikira.
1) Gukoresha igisubizo cyibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije
Kongera igiciro kuri folio ya 1.000 icapiro = umubare kuri folio ya 1.000 icapiro × (igiciro cyibisubizo byumuti wibidukikije - igiciro rusange cyibisubizo byisoko)
2) Gukoresha amazi yoza imodoka yangiza ibidukikije
Kwiyongera kw'ibiciro kuri folio = dosiye kuri folio × (igiciro cyibiciro byangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije - igiciro cyibiciro byamazi yoza imodoka)
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-25-2023