Ibitekerezo bikunze kwibeshya kubyerekeranye na plastiki ibinyabuzima

1. Ibinyabuzima bishingiye kuri biologiya bihwanye na plastiki ibora

Ukurikije ibisobanuro bifatika, plastiki ishingiye kuri bio bivuga plastiki ikorwa na mikorobe ishingiye ku bintu bisanzwe nka krahisi. Biomass ya synthesis ya bioplastique irashobora kuva mubigori, ibisheke cyangwa selile. Kandi plastiki ishobora kwangirika, bivuga imiterere karemano (nk'ubutaka, umucanga n'amazi yo mu nyanja, nibindi) cyangwa ibihe byihariye (nk'ifumbire mvaruganda, imiterere y'ibiryo bya anaerobic cyangwa umuco w'amazi, nibindi), kubikorwa bya mikorobe (nka bagiteri, ibumba, ibihumyo na algae, nibindi) bitera kwangirika, hanyuma amaherezo ibora mo dioxyde de carbone, metani, amazi, imyunyu ngugu ya minerval hamwe nibikoresho bishya bya plastiki. Bio ishingiye kuri plastiki isobanurwa kandi igashyirwa mubikorwa hashingiwe ku nkomoko y'ibigize; Ibinyabuzima byangiza ibinyabuzima, kurundi ruhande, byashyizwe mu byiciro byubuzima bwa nyuma. Mu yandi magambo, 100% bya plastiki y’ibinyabuzima bishobora kutabangikanywa, mu gihe bimwe mu bikoresho bya peteroli gakondo bishingiye kuri peteroli, nka butylene terephthalate (PBAT) na polycaprolactone (PCL), birashobora kuba.

2. Biodegradable ifatwa nkibinyabuzima

Kwangirika kwa plastike bivuga ibidukikije (ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, ubushuhe, ogisijeni, nibindi) bitewe nimpinduka zikomeye mumiterere, gutakaza imikorere. Irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwo kwangirika, kubinyabuzima, kwifotoza, kwangirika kwa termo-ogisijeni no kwangirika kwifoto. Niba plastiki izaba ibinyabuzima byuzuye biterwa nibintu byinshi, harimo kristu, inyongeramusaruro, mikorobe, ubushyuhe, ibidukikije pH nigihe. Mugihe hatabayeho ibihe bikwiye, plastiki nyinshi zangirika ntizishobora gusa kwangiza ibinyabuzima gusa, ariko zishobora no kugira ingaruka mbi kubidukikije no kubuzima bwabantu. Nkigice cyo kwangirika kwa ogisijeni yinyongera ya plastike, gusa guturika kwibintu, kwangirika mubice bya plastike bitagaragara.

3. Tekereza ibinyabuzima bigenda byuzuza ifumbire mvaruganda nkibinyabuzima mu bidukikije

Ntushobora gushushanya neza ikimenyetso kingana hagati yabyo. Ifumbire mvaruganda iri mubyiciro bya plastiki ibora. Amashanyarazi ya biodegradable nayo arimo plastike ishobora kwangirika muburyo bwa anaerobic. Ifumbire mvaruganda bivuga plastike mubihe byifumbire mvaruganda, binyuze mubikorwa bya mikorobe, mugihe runaka mugihe cya dioxyde de carbone, amazi numunyu ngugu wumunyu ngugu hamwe nibintu bishya bikubiye mubintu, hanyuma amaherezo ikora ifumbire mvaruganda iremereye, ikizamini cyuburozi , imyanda isigaye igomba kuba yujuje ibiteganijwe. Ifumbire mvaruganda irashobora kugabanywamo ifumbire mvaruganda nifumbire mvaruganda. Ifumbire mvaruganda ku isoko ni plastiki ishobora kwangirika bitewe n’ifumbire mvaruganda. Kuberako imiterere ya plastiki yifumbire ari iy'ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika, bityo, niba iyo plastiki ifumbire mvaruganda (nkamazi, ubutaka) mubidukikije, kwangirika kwa plastike mubidukikije biratinda cyane, ntibishobora kwangirika rwose mugihe gito, nka dioxyde de carbone namazi yingaruka zayo kubidukikije na plastiki gakondo, nta tandukaniro rikomeye. Byongeye kandi, hagaragajwe ko plastiki y’ibinyabuzima ishobora kwangirika, iyo ivanze n’ibindi bikoresho bya plastiki bisubirwamo, bishobora kugabanya imiterere n’imikorere y’ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa. Kurugero, ibinyamisogwe muri acide polylactique bishobora kuganisha ku mwobo nuduce muri firime ikozwe muri plastiki itunganijwe neza.