I le taimi nei matou te fa'aogaina mea fa'apipi'i fa'apipi'i ata, e fa'atatau i mea e le fa'aleagaina. E ui lava o le tele o atunuʻu ma atinaʻe o loʻo tuuto atu i le atinaʻeina o mea faʻaleagaina, ae o mea faʻaleagaina e mafai ona faʻaogaina mo faʻapipiʻi faʻapipiʻi e leʻi suia i le gaosiga tele. Faatasi ai ma le faateleina o le gauai atu o le atunuu i le puipuiga o le siosiomaga, o le tele o itumalo ma aai ua tuuina atu se tapulaa palasitika po o nisi foi vaega o le "faasaina o tulafono palasitika. O le mea lea, mo atinaʻe faʻapipiʻi fetuutuunai, o le malamalama saʻo o mea faʻaleagaina, o se faʻaoga lelei o mea faʻaleagaina, e ausia ai mea lanu meamata faʻapipiʻi gafataulimaina.
Faʻaleagaina palasitika e faʻatatau i tulaga tau le siosiomaga (vevela, susu, susu, okesene, ma isi), o lona fausaga e iai suiga taua, faʻagasologa o galuega.
O le faiga fa'aleagaina e a'afia i le tele o mea tau le si'osi'omaga. E tusa ai ma lona faiga faʻaleagaina, e mafai ona vaevaeina palasitika faʻaleagaina i palasitika photodegradable, palasitika biodegradable, palasitika photobiodegradable ma vailaʻau faʻaleagaina. E mafai ona vaevaeina palasitika biodegradable i palasitika biodegradable atoatoa ma palasitika biodegradable e le atoatoa.
1. Palasitika e mafai ona pala
Photodegradable palasitika e faatatau i le mea palasitika i le susulu o le la ta'e decomposition tali, ina ia mea i le susulu o le la pe a mavae se vaitaimi e leiloa le malosi faainisinia, avea efuefu, o nisi e mafai ona sili atu microbial decomposition, i totonu o le taamilosaga ecological natura. I se isi faaupuga, a maeʻa ona faʻaumatia le filifili mole o le palasitika photodegradable e ala i le photochemical method, o le palasitika o le a leiloa lona lava malosi ma le embrittlement, ona avea lea o se paʻu e ala i le pala o le natura, ulu atu i le eleele, ma toe faʻafoʻi le taamilosaga olaola i lalo. le gaioiga a microorganisms.
2. Palasitika e mafai ona pala
Biodegradation e masani ona faauigaina e faapea: biodegradation e faasino i le faagasologa o le suiga o kemikolo o tuufaatasiga e ala i le gaioiga o enzymes olaola poʻo vailaʻau faʻaleagaina e gaosia e meaola ninii. I lenei faagasologa, e mafai foi ona tupu le photodegradation, hydrolysis, oxidative degradation ma isi gaioiga.
O faiga palasitika e mafai ona fa'aleagaina e: e ala i siama po'o mea polymer hydrolase i le carbon dioxide, methane, vai, masima fa'akomepiuta ma palasitika fou. I se isi faaupuga, o palasitika biodegradable o palasitika ia e faʻaleagaina e ala i gaioiga a meaola ninii faʻalenatura e pei o siama, limu (sagi) ma algae.
O le palasitika sili ona lelei e mafai ona faʻaleagaina o se ituaiga o mea polymer e sili ona lelei le faʻatinoga, lea e mafai ona faʻaumatia atoa e microorganisms siosiomaga ma mulimuli ane avea ma se vaega o le taamilosaga carbon i le natura. O lona uiga, o le faʻaleagaina i le isi tulaga o molelaʻau e mafai ona faʻasolosolo atili pe faʻafefe e siama masani, ma isi.
O le mataupu faavae o le biodegradation ua vaevaeina i ni vasega se lua: muamua, o loʻo i ai se biophysical degradation, pe a osofaʻi microbial ina ua uma le tafia o mea polymer, ona o le tuputupu aʻe ola manifinifi faia vaega polymer hydrolysis, ionization po o protons ma vaevaeina i ni fasi oligomer, le molecular. fausaga o le polymer e leai se suiga, o le polymer biophysical galuega o le degradation faagasologa. O le ituaiga lona lua o le faʻaleagaina o meaola, ona o le gaioiga tuusaʻo a microorganisms poʻo enzymes, o le polymer decomposition poʻo le faʻaleagaina o le oxidative i totonu o mole laʻititi, seia oʻo i le decomposition mulimuli o le carbon dioxide ma le vai, o lenei faiga faʻaleagaina e aʻafia i le biochemical degradation mode.
2. Biodestructive faʻaleagaina o palasitika
Palasitika fa'aleagaina fa'aolaola, e ta'ua fo'i o palasitika pa'u, ose faiga tu'ufa'atasiga o polymers ma palasitisi lautele, e pei o le māsa ma le polyolefin, e tu'ufa'atasia i se tulaga ma e le'o fa'aleagaina atoa i le si'osi'omaga fa'alenatura ma e ono mafua ai le filogia lona lua.
3. Palasitika atoatoa e mafai ona pala
E tusa ai ma a latou punaoa, e tolu ituaiga o palasitika atoatoa e mafai ona faʻaleagaina: polymer ma ona mea e maua mai ai, microbial synthetic polymer ma chemical synthetic polymer. I le taimi nei, o le palasitika masoa o le mea e sili ona faʻaaogaina faʻapipiʻi fetuutuunai faʻapipiʻi.
4. Palasitika faanatura e mafai ona pala
O palasitika fa'alenatura fa'alenatura e fa'atatau i palasitika polymer fa'alenatura, o mea ia e mafai ona fa'apalapalaina mai mea fa'alenatura e pei ole masoa, cellulose, chitin ma le porotini. O lenei ituaiga mea e sau mai punaoa eseese, e mafai ona faʻamaʻi atoatoa, ma o le oloa e saogalemu ma e le oona.
Faʻavae i luga o le faʻaleagaina o auala eseese, faʻapea foʻi ma vaega eseese o le talosaga, i le taimi nei tatou te manaʻomia le faʻamatalaga o tagata o tausia o mea olaola e faʻaleagaina atoa, faʻaleagaina ma le faʻapalapala poʻo le faapalaga, manaʻomia le faʻaleagaina o mea palasitika mo mea e pei o carbon dioxide, vai. ma masima inorganic mineralized, e faigofie ona mitiia e le natura pe toe faʻaaogaina e le natura.
Taimi meli: Iul-14-2022