Hirgelinta daabacaadda cagaaran waxay noqotay isbeddel weyn oo ku yimid warshadaha daabacaadda, shirkadaha daabacaadda ee diiradda saaraya mas'uuliyadda bulshada ee daabacaadda cagaaran, muhiimadda deegaanka isla mar ahaantaana waxay u baahan yihiin inay tixgeliyaan isbeddelka kharashka ee ay keentay. Sababtoo ah, hawsha hirgelinta daabacaadda cagaaran, shirkadaha daabacadu waxay u baahan yihiin inay sameeyaan waxyaabo badan oo cusub, sida iibsashada qalab cusub oo cayriin ah oo deegaanka u wanaagsan, soo bandhigida qalab cusub iyo isbeddelka hababka wax soo saarka, deegaanka wax soo saarka, iwm. ., Qiimaha wax soo saarku inta badan wuu ka sarreeyaa daabacaadda caadiga ah. Tani waxay ku lug leedahay danaha degdega ah ee shirkadaha daabacaadda, qaybaha daabacaadda ee loo xilsaaray iyo macaamiisha, markaa sida loo sameeyo kharashyo macquul ah habka ku dhaqanka daabacaadda cagaaran waxay noqotay mawduuc cilmi baaris oo muhiim ah.
Sababtan awgeed, gobolka iyo maamullada hoose waxay soo bandhigeen siyaasado u dhigma oo ku saabsan daabacaadda cagaaran, iyagoo qaadanaya qaab kabid ama dhiirigelin si ay u dhiirigeliyaan shirkadaha daabacaadda si ay u horumariyaan daabacaadda cagaaran. Ururka Daabacaada Beijing ayaa sidoo kale si firfircoon u abaabulay khubarada warshadaha si ay u sameeyaan cilmi-baaris oo ay u soo jeediyaan heerarka kabidda daabacaadda cagaaran. Maqaalkani wuxuu si faahfaahsan u qeexayaa baaxadda qiimaha iyo qaacidada tixraaca ee daabacaadda cagaaran, taas oo laga yaabo inay caawiso qaabaynta macquulka ah ee qiimaha daabacaadda cagaaran.
1. Cadaynta baaxadda qiimaha daabacaada cagaaran
Cadaynta baaxadda qiimaha daabacaadda cagaaran waxay muhiimad weyn u leedahay kor u qaadida horumarinta tayada sare leh ee shirkadaha daabacaadda iyo qiimaynta maamulka kala sareynta.
1) Alaabta cagaaran ee la soo ceshan karo lama qiimeeyo. Haddii dib-u-warshadaynta dhexe ee gaasta qashinka weli dib loo isticmaali karo, dakhliga ka soo baxa kaas oo dhimi kara maalgashiga qalabka daaweynta ilaalinta deegaanka ka dib wakhti go'an. Qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha daabacaadda waxay isticmaalaan shirkad saddexaad oo xiran oo mas'uul ka ah maalgashiga iyo soo kabashada qalabka daaweynta, iyada oo aan shirkadda daabacadu soo faragelin wareegga qiimaha qiimaha, dabcan, maaha in lagu muujiyo qiimaha daabacaadda.
2) Alaabta cagaaran maaha qiime dib loo warshadayn karo. Sida tababbarka daabacaadda cagaaran si loo dhiso xeerar iyo xeerar, shahaado siinta iyo kharashka dib u eegista, soo iibinta taarikada daabacaadda cagaaran, khadadka, xalalka isha, biyaha baabuurta lagu dhaqo, xabagyada laminating / xidhitaanka iyo kharashyada kale ee qulqulka, iwm., dib uma warshadayn karo wareegga. dib u soo kabashada, waxa kaliya oo si sax ah ama qiyaas ahaan loo xisaabin karaa, si ay u dirto dibadda ee daabacaadda daabacaadda cagaaran ee cutubyada iyo shakhsiyaadka lagu soo oogay.
2. Cabbirka Saxda ah ee Walxaha la Dalacsiin karo
Alaabta qaaliga ah ayaa guud ahaan ah shay qiimihiisu jiro, saamaynta cagaaranna waxa ay ka muuqan kartaa agabka daabacan ama waa la xaqiijin karaa. Shirkadaha daabacaadu waxay ku dalaci karaan xisbiga komishanka lacag cagaaran, xisbiga komishanka waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa in lagu kordhiyo qiimaha iibka alaabta daabacan.
1) Warqad
Warqaduhu waxay u baahan yihiin in la cabbiro farqiga u dhexeeya warqadda kaynta la aqoonsan yahay iyo warqadda guud, sida warqad kaynta shahaadaysan oo ah 600 yuan / dalbo, iyo nooc la mid ah qiimaha warqadda aan shahaadada lahayn ee 500 yuan / dalbashada, farqiga u dhexeeya labada waa 100 yuan/dalbasho, oo u dhiganta korodhka qiimaha xaashida daabacan ee 100 yuan/dalabka ÷ 1000 = 0.10 yuan/ xaashida daabacan.
2) saxan CTP
Mid kasta oo ka mid ah saxanadda cagaaran ee folio waxay kordhisay qiimaha saxanka cagaaran iyo kala duwanaanshaha qiimaha saxanka guud. Tusaale ahaan, qiimaha halbeegga saxan cagaaran waa 40 yuan / m2, qiimaha halbeegga saxanka guud waa 30 yuan / m2, faraqa waa 10 yuan halkii mitir labajibbaaran. Haddii nooca folio ee xisaabinta, bedka 0.787m × 1.092m ÷ 2 ≈ 43m2, waa 43% ee 1m2, markaa folio kasta qiimaha saxan cagaaran kor u kacay sida 10 yuan × 43% = 4.3 yuan / folio.
Maadaama tirada daabacadu ay ku kala duwan tahay gobol ilaa gobol, haddii loo xisaabiyo 5000 daabacaad, korodhka qiimaha saxanka cagaaran ee CTP folio waa 4.3÷5000 = 0.00086 yuan, korodhka qiimaha saxan CTP cagaaran halkii folio waa 0.00086 × 2=0.00172 yuan.
3) Qad
Khad cagaaran ayaa loo isticmaalaa daabacaadda, qaacidada xisaabinta qiimaha kor u kaca halkii folio oo ah 1,000 daabacaad kasta folio khad cagaaran 1,000 daabacaad = xadiga khad halkii folio oo ah 1,000 daabac × (qiimaha halbeegga khad deegaanka u saaxiib ah - qiimaha halbeegga khad guud).
Qoraalkan daabacaadda khad madow tusaale ahaan, iyadoo loo qaadanayo in folio kasta oo kumanaan kun oo khad daabacan ah oo dhan 0.15kg, khad soy ah oo ah 30 yuan / kg, qiimaha khad guud ee 20 yuan / kg, isticmaalka daabacaadda khad soy kasta folio Habka xisaabinta qiimaha korodhka daabacaadda waa sida soo socota
0.15 × (30-20) = 1.5 yuan / folio kun = 0.0015 yuan / xaashida folio = 0.003 yuan / xaashida
4) Xabag loogu talagalay lamination
Qaadashada xabagta deegaanka u saaxiibka ah ee laminating, qaacidada lagu xisaabiyo qiimaha laminating cagaarka ah labadii furin
Qiimaha caleenta cagaarka ah ee labada furinba = qadarka xabagta ee la isticmaalo labadii furin × (qiimaha halbeegga xabagta deegaanka u wanaagsan - qiimaha halbeegga xabagta guud)
Haddii qadarka xabagta ee lammaane kasta oo furitaan ah 7g / m2 × 43% ≈ 3g / lammaane furan, qiimaha ilaalinta deegaanka 30 yuan / kg, qiimaha guud ee koollada 22 yuan / kg, ka dibna mid kasta oo ka mid ah qiimaha laminating cagaaran korodhka = 3 × (30-22)/1000 = 0.024 yuan
5) Ku xidhida xabagta dhalaalaysa ee kulul
Isticmaalka xabagta deegaanka u fican ee isku xidha xabagta dhalaalaysa ee kulul, daabacaad kasta oo koolada cagaaran ku xidha caanaha caanaha
Kharashka xidhitaanka ee daabacaadda khidmadda xidhitaanka cagaaran ee koollada cagaaran = qaddarka xabagta kulul ee daabacan kasta × (qiimaha unugga dhalaalidda kulul ee cagaarka ah - qiimaha cutubka koollada kulul ee guud)
Waa in la ogaadaa in qaacidadaani ay khuseyso oo kaliya labada EVA kululeeyaha dhalaalka kulul, sida isticmaalka PUR kululeeyaha dhalaalka kulul, sababtoo ah isticmaalkeedu wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 1/2 oo kaliya ee EVA-ga dhalaalka kuleylka ah, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad wax ka beddesho caanaha kor ku xusan sida raacaya
Ujrada dalbashada xabagta kulul ee PUR = PUR isticmaalka koollada kulul ee dhalaalaysa xaashidiiba × qiimaha halbeegga - isticmaalka koollada kuleylka kulul ee xaashidii × qiimaha cutubkii
Haddii qiimaha halbeegga ee koollada kulul ee PUR ay tahay 63 yuan/kg, qaddarka 0.3g/daabac; Xabagta kulul ee EVA 20 yuan / kg, qadarka 0.8g / daabac, ka dibna waxaa jira 0.3 × 63/1000-0.8 × 20/1000 = 0.0029 yuan / daabac, markaa PUR kululaynta dhalaalaysa kululaynta waa inay noqotaa 0.0029 yuan / daabac.
3. Qaybaha aan lagu cabbiri karin sida alaab la soo dallaci karo
Laguma qiyaasi karo shayada qiimaha, sida kharashyada dib u eegista shahaadaynta, samaynta nidaamka cagaaran, samaynta jagooyin cusub iyo kharashyada tababarka maamulka; habka tallaabooyin aan waxyeello lahayn oo aan waxyeello lahayn; dhamaadka saddexda qashinka. Qaybtan soo jeedinta ka mid ah ayaa ah in kharashka lagu kordhiyo boqolkiiba go'an (tusaale, 10%, iwm.) ee wadarta calaamadaynta sare.
Waa in la ogaadaa in tusaalayaasha sare ee xogta ay yihiin kuwo khayaali ah, tixraac ahaan kaliya. Qiyaasta dhabta ah, xogta ku jirta heerarka daabacaadda waa in lagala tashadaa/la doortaa. Xogta aan laga heli karin halbeegyada, cabbirada dhabta ah waa in la qaadaa waana in la isticmaalo xeerarka warshadaha, tusaale ahaan xogta ay gaari karto shirkadda celceliska daabacaadda.
4. Barnaamijyo Kale
Shaqada qiimaha daabacaadda cagaaran ee Ururka Daabacaada Beijing waxa la fuliyay wakhti hore, wakhtigaas, walxaha kaliya ee la cabbiray waxay ahaayeen warqad, saxan samaynta, khad, iyo xabag kulul oo dhalaalaysa si loogu dhejiyo. Hadda waxaad mooddaa in alaabta qaarkood si dadban loogu tixgalin karo alaabooyinka qiimaynta ee jira, sida xalalka isha iyo biyaha baabuurta lagu dhaqo, ma suurtowdaa in la ogaado ama la xisaabiyo xogta loo baahan yahay, gaar ahaan halkii kun oo daabacaad ah (qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha daabacaadda si ay u dhaqdaan biyaha maalintiiba mashiinka 20 ~ 30kg), si loo xisaabiyo kharashka daabacaadda xogta premium sida waafaqsan qaacidada soo socota.
1) Isticmaalka xalalka isha deegaanka u wanaagsan
Kor u kaca qiimaha folio kasta oo ah 1,000 daabac = qadarka folio ee 1,000 daabacaad × (qiimaha halbeegga xalalka isha deegaanka - qiimaha cutubka xalinta isha guud)
2) Isticmaalka biyaha baabuurta lagu dhaqo ee deegaanka u wanaagsan
Kor u kaca qiimaha folio kasta = qiyaasta halkii folio × (qiimaha halbeegga biyaha baabuurka lagu dhaqo deegaanka - qiimaha halbeegga biyaha baabuurka guud)
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-25-2023